JNTUK B.Tech CSE 3-1 (R23) Computer Networks 10 Marks Important Questions & Answers (Unit-Wise) for all untits are now available. Here we are providng a outline answer for all long answer questions. The students are requested to explore complete answer their own.
UNIT – I: Introduction & Physical Layer
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Explain different types of computer networks.
Answer: Discuss LAN, MAN, WAN — their characteristics, coverage areas, data rates, and typical applications. -
Describe various network topologies with neat diagrams.
Answer: Explain bus, star, ring, mesh, tree, and hybrid topologies, along with advantages and disadvantages of each. -
Explain the OSI reference model in detail.
Answer: Describe all seven layers, their functions, responsibilities, and interaction between layers. -
Describe the TCP/IP reference model and compare it with OSI.
Answer: Discuss the layers of TCP/IP, their functions, and highlight differences and similarities with OSI. -
Explain guided and unguided transmission media.
Answer: Discuss twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optics (structure, advantages, applications) and give an introduction to wireless media such as radio, microwave, and infrared.
UNIT – II: Data Link Layer
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Explain the design issues of the data link layer.
Answer: Discuss services to the network layer, framing methods, flow control, and error control mechanisms. -
Describe framing techniques in detail.
Answer: Explain fixed-size framing and variable-size framing, along with character count, byte stuffing, and bit stuffing methods. -
Explain error detection and correction mechanisms.
Answer: Discuss single-bit error, burst error, redundancy, CRC generation and checking, checksum calculation, and error correction codes. -
Explain sliding window protocols in detail.
Answer: Describe One-bit protocol, Go-Back-N ARQ, and Selective Repeat ARQ with diagrams and timelines. -
Explain elementary data link protocols and HDLC.
Answer: Describe Simplex, Simplex stop-and-wait, Simplex for noisy channel protocols, HDLC framing and modes, and PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) basics.
UNIT – III: Media Access Control (MAC) & Wired LANs
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Explain ALOHA and CSMA techniques in detail.
Answer: Discuss pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA, throughput analysis, and the working of CSMA protocols. -
Explain CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA protocols with diagrams.
Answer: Describe how collisions are detected and avoided in wired and wireless networks respectively. -
Describe controlled access protocols.
Answer: Explain Reservation, Polling, and Token Passing methods with diagrams and examples. -
Explain standard Ethernet protocol in detail.
Answer: Discuss MAC addressing, frame format, CSMA/CD operation, and the evolution from 10 Mbps to 10 Gbps Ethernet. -
Compare different Ethernet technologies.
Answer: Compare standard, fast, gigabit, and 10-gigabit Ethernet in terms of speed, topology, cabling, and applications.
UNIT – IV: Network Layer
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Explain the design issues of the network layer.
Answer: Discuss store-and-forward packet switching, connection services, addressing, and internetworking concepts. -
Discuss the services provided by the network layer to the transport layer.
Answer: Explain connectionless and connection-oriented services, their advantages, and when they are preferred. -
Explain the implementation of connectionless service.
Answer: Describe datagram approach, packet forwarding, and routing in connectionless networks. -
Explain the implementation of connection-oriented service.
Answer: Discuss virtual circuit approach, setup, data transfer, and teardown phases. -
Compare virtual-circuit and datagram networks.
Answer: Highlight differences in setup, addressing, routing, reliability, and typical use cases.
UNIT – V: Transport & Application Layer – 10 Marks Questions
1. Explain the responsibilities and services of the Transport Layer in detail.
Answer: Discuss process-to-process delivery, addressing, multiplexing/demultiplexing, flow control, error control, connection control, and congestion control.
Include a neat diagram showing the role of the transport layer in the TCP/IP stack.
2. Describe TCP in detail with its header format and features.
Answer: Explain TCP’s characteristics: connection-oriented, reliable service, flow control, congestion control, byte stream delivery.
Draw and explain the TCP header format, field by field.
Mention sequence number, acknowledgment number, flags, and checksum.
3. Explain the TCP connection establishment and termination using the Three-Way Handshake mechanism.
Answer: Describe the 3 steps of establishing a TCP connection (SYN, SYN+ACK, ACK).
Also explain connection termination (FIN, ACK exchange).
Use a timeline diagram to illustrate the handshake process.
4. Compare TCP and UDP protocols in detail.
Answer: Write a well-structured comparison including parameters like reliability, connection type, flow control, congestion control, speed, error handling, and applications.
Mention examples of applications using TCP (e.g., HTTP, FTP) and UDP (e.g., DNS, VoIP).
5. Explain congestion control techniques used in TCP.
Answer: Discuss the causes of congestion and explain techniques like Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast Retransmit, and Fast Recovery.
Use congestion window graphs to illustrate TCP behavior during congestion phases.
6. Explain the flow control mechanism in TCP using the sliding window concept.
Answer: Describe how TCP uses dynamic window sizes to regulate sender speed based on receiver buffer availability.
Include a diagram to show sender and receiver windows, acknowledgment, and advertised window.
7. Describe important Application Layer protocols and their functions.
Answer: Explain the purpose, working, and use cases of key protocols:
- HTTP (web communication)
- FTP (file transfer)
- SMTP / POP3 (email)
- DNS (domain name resolution)
- TELNET / SSH (remote login)
- Mention the port numbers commonly used by these protocols.
8. Explain Domain Name System (DNS) architecture and its working.
Answer: Describe DNS hierarchy (root, TLD, authoritative servers).
Explain recursive vs iterative resolution.
Include a neat diagram of DNS lookup process.